Breuning was sentenced to 60 days in prison, ordered to pay $11,352 in restitution to the University of Pittsburgh (where Breuning worked), and was placed on five years probation by U.S. District Judge Frank Kaufman, who said the former researcher "will pay dearly for the rest of his life."

The use of Ritalinƒ is still controversial and has resulted in numerous court battles between schools and parents. Some doctors say the benefits — increased attention span and performance—outweigh the side affects which may include twitching, depression, violence and sometimes suicidal tendencies.

Other doctors feel that most hyperactive children can be treated using more conservative measures. While many of those using A.K have experienced excellent results with these children, further studies are needed to provide a better understanding of this complex problem.